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Witness and his testimony in civil proceedings
Šimek, Petr ; Vyskočilová, Silvia (advisor) ; Frintová, Dita (referee)
Witness and his testimony in civil proceedings Abstract The submitted diploma thesis deals with the testimony of a witness in civil proceedings. This is undoubtedly the most demanding means of proof. Its demanding character is given not only by the necessary preparation of the judge before this act, but especially in the subsequent assessment of the credibility of the testimony given. The diploma thesis aims to comprehensively describe the course of the carrying out witness testimony from the moment the witness enters the courtroom to the assessment of the witness's credibility within the reasoning of the court decision. Apart from the testimony, the introductory chapter deals with all the evidence means that can be presented in the Czech civil process with reference to their differences and similarities. The following chapter deals with the eligibility of the witness, the person of the witness and his witness duties. A witness need not comply with this statutory obligation if, by giving a testimony, he could cause a risk of criminal prosecution to himself or to a person close to him, or if he is bound by a duty of confidentiality. The third and fourth chapters of the thesis describe the procedure of carrying out of giving a testimony. At first, it is necessary to ensure the witness's presence by the...
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Recognition - psychological context and impact of ethnicity of offenders
Trojanová, Hana ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
One of the problems in eyewitness recognition of offenders is their different ethnicity from the persons identifying them. This has been the subject of several scientific papers worldwide. Although the number of other ethnic groups in the Czech Republic grows, research into this area remains insufficient. Therefore, the present thesis focuses on ethnicity of offenders in the recognition process. Using video footage of an assault with Czech and Vietnamese offenders and subsequent mugshot facial recognition, the present thesis seeks to highlight the problem of a higher number of false identifications with persons having different ethnicity. Based on previous international research, the offenders' ethnicity is expected to have a negative impact on the ability to correctly identify perpetrators in the Czech Republic alike. The research showed a higher rate of false identifications of offenders with foreign nationality, but at the same time, nevertheless, found no relationship between correct identification of perpetrators with our and with foreign ethnicity. Keywords: recognition, eyewitness, testimony of witnesses, offender ethnicity, quantitative research.
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